Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)

Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is an Eurasian intergovernmental economic, political and security alliance.

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It was founded at the first Shanghai summit in 2001 by Russia, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan.

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In June 2017, India and Pakistan joined the group officially. Iran joined the group in July 2023 and Belarus in July 2024.

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The SCO is a successor of Shanghai Five (Russia, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan) which was created in April, 1996.

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It includes 2 observer states, consisting of Belarus and Afghanistan and 14 dialogue partners, consisting of Sri Lanka, Nepal, United Arab Emirates (UAE), Qatar, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Cambodia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kuwait, Maldives, Myanmar, and Bahrain.

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Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) covers 42% of the world’s population and around 23% of the global GDP.

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The SCO aims to strengthen cooperation and promote mutual trust among the member states.

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It fosters socio-economic and political development through constructive dialogues and regional connectivity.

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It focuses on peace, security and stability in the region.

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